Toward the African Revolution: political essays

Fanon, Frantz, Toward the African Revolution (Political Essays), New York: Grove Press, 1967.

Available online.

Reviewed in African Affairs © 1968.

Tesauro de Datos Históricos de Puerto Rico

de Hostos, Adolfo, Tesauro de Datos Históricos Tomos I, II & III, San Juan: Gobierno de Puerto Rico, 1948, 1949, 1951.

Prólogo del Primer Tomo:

Las páginas que siguen contienen solo un extracto del Índice General Histórico de Puerto rico, consistente en una colección de mas de trescientas mil fichas, preparado en nuestras oficinas.

Adolfo de Hostos: Fifth Historian of Puerto Rico:

Perhaps of all the historians of Puerto Rico, the one who is easiest to
remember is Don Adolfo de Hostos, son of the illustrious hero Don Eugenio Maria de Hostos. Don Adolfo was appointed Historian of Puerto Rico in January 1936 by Governor Blanton Winship. The historiographical work of Don Adolfo de Hostos preceeds in some respects his appointment as Puerto Rico's Historian. In 1922 participated in the International Congress of Americanists held in Rio de Janeiro. In 1929 he was appointed Academic corresponding to the Academy of History of Cuba and the same year was elected Vice President of the Section of History of the Athenaeum (el Ateneo). A year later served as Secretary of the Commission for the Conservation of Historical Values.

La Historia de los Partidos Políticos en Puerto Rico

Pagán, Bolívar, La Historia de los Partidos Políticos en Puerto Rico, Tomos I (dos copias) & II, San Juan: Librería Campos, 1959.

Bolívar Pagán (May 16, 1897 – February 9, 1961) was a Puerto Rican historian, journalist, and politician.

Tomo uno:

CAPITULO UNO. – Introducción – Naturaleza de esta obra – Ojeada a los partidos políticos en la época española.

CAPITULO DOS. – La invasión norteamericana – La Carta Autonómica – El régimen militar.

CAPITULO TRES. – Nacimiento de los partidos Republicano Puertorriqueño, Federal, y Obrero Socialista. Las elecciones de los cien días.

CAPITULO CUATRO – Se establece el régimen civil. Las elecciones de 1900 y 1902.

CAPITULO CINCO – Se disuelve el partido Federal. Se funda el partido Unión de Puerto Rico. Las elecciones de 1904.

CAPITULO SEIS – La lucha contra el régimen. Conflictos entre la Cámara de Delegados y el Consejo Ejecutivo. – El partido de la Independencia. Los copos Unionistas de 1906, 1908, 1910 y 1912.

CAPITULO SIETE – Las reglas de Miramar. El partido Unionista propone alianza al partido Republicano. Las elecciones de 1914.

CAPITULO OCHO – Resurge el partido Socialista. La Ley Orgánica Jones. Las elecciones de 1917.

CAPITULO NUEVE – Comienza el régimen bajo la nueva Ley Orgánica. Los Unionistas redefinen su programa político. Los Republicanos proponen entendido electoral a los Socialistas. Las elecciones 1920.

CAPITULO DIEZ – Crisis Unionista. El proyecto Campbell. Se funda el partido Nacionalista. La Alianza Puertorriqueña. La Coalición Republicano Socialista. Las Elecciones de 1924.

CAPITULO ONCE – Se reitera la demanda de Gobernador electivo. Mensaje del Presidente Coolidge sobre la política de la Administración Federal hacia Puerto Rico. Las elecciones de 1928.

CAPITULO DOCE – Se rompe la Alianza Puertorriqueña. Nuevas tácticas del Partido Nacionalista. Resurge el partido Unionista.

Tomo Dos.

Crónicas de la Conquista del Perú

de Jerez, Francisco, Pedro de Cieza de León y Agustín de Zárate, Crónicas de la Conquista del Perú, revisados y anotados por Julio le Riverend, México : Editorial Nueva España [1946?]

De la reseña en Revista de Historia de América © 1946:

Muy oportuna encontramos la publicación de tres crónicas que aparecen en el presente volumen. Se trata de documentos importantísimos para el estudio de la Historia del Perú, que han sido publicados anteriormente, pero en ediciones ya agotadas y que en la actualidad son de difícil adquisición para el lector y estudioso corriente. La “Relación” de Jerez es el primer documento que se conoce sobre el Perú, y su autor fue el escribano de la expedición de Pizarro en su viaje de descubrimiento y conquista. Cieza de León fue nombrado cronista por Don Pedro de la Gasca y en calidad de tal escribió su importante crónica. Agustín de Zarate fue uno de los Oidores de la Primera Audiencia que funciono en Lima y llego al Perú, en la comitiva del primer Virrey, el infortunado Blasco Núñez Vela. Son, pues, los tres, testigos presenciales de mucho de lo que relatan y sus escritos tienen por eso un valor permanente.

Biografía del Caribe

Arciniegas, Germán, Biografía del Caribe, Buenos Aires: Editorial Sudamericana, 1963.

Reviewed in The Hispanic American Historical Review © 1948.


Tabla de Contenido:

EL SIGLO DE ORO:
I. Del Mar Grecolatino de los Caribes
II. Relato de Cristóbal el desventurado
III. Santo Domingo, o el mundo que nace
IV. El Pacifico, cosas que los del pueblo descubren
V. Retozos democráticos bajo Carlos V el melancólico
VI. El Dorado y la fuente de la eternal juventud
VII. Comienza el zafarrancho con piratas de Francia y aventureros alemanes
VIII. La reina de Inglaterra y sus cuarenta ladrones
IX. El Dorado, principio Y fin del Siglo de Oro
EL SIGLO DE PLATA
X. El Archipiélago de los siete colores
XI. La isla de Cromwell, el Protector, y Morgan el Pirata
XII. La riña de gallos
XIII. En Copenhague, como en Edimburgo, hay quienes sueñan sobre la rosa del mar
EL SIGLO DE LAS LUCES
XIV. Canción de cuna del Mississippi
XV. Los caballeritos, la Enciclopedia y el sombrero de tres picos
XVI. Relato del Almirante ingles y el cojo Don Blas
XVII. El pacto del primo ilustrado y el primo calavera
XVIII. La Revolución Francesa y los negros de Haití
XIX. Napoleón, la emperatriz criolla y los emperadores negros
EL SIGLO DE LA LIBERTAD
XX. Los últimos piratas
XXI. Romanticismo, guerrilleros, poetas y filibusteros
XXII. El bazar francés
XXIII. Miranda, vagabundo de la libertad
XXIV. El mar de Simón Bolívar
XXV. Relato de Cuba libre
XXVI. Preludio del Canal de Panamá
XXVII. Geografía humana del Canal

Darker Phases Of The South

Tannenbaum, Frank, Darker Phases Of The South, New York: G.P. Putnam s Sons, 1924.

Table of Contents:

I. THE Ku KLUX KLAN. ITS SOCIAL ORIGIN IN THE SOUTH
II. THE SOUTH BURIES ITS ANGLO-SAXONS
III. SOUTHERN PRISONS....
IV. THE SINGLE CROP. ITS SOCIAL CONSEQUENCES IN THE SOUTH.
V. THE PROBLEM OF SOUTHERN SOLUTIONS
NOTES 187

Available on-line.

Tannenbaum, who was Thomas G. Mathews’ doctoral thesis advisor either gave this book to him or autographed it on the occasion of a visit to see him in Mayaguez. He wrote: “In remembrance of a pleasant visit to Mayaguez and in the pleasure of seeing a favorite student. Feb. 27, 1960”

Vida del Almirante Cristóbal Colón, escrita por su hijo Don Hernando

Colón, Hernando, Vida del Almirante Cristóbal Colón, escrita por su hijo Don Hernando, Edición, prologo y notas de Ramón Iglesia, México: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 1947.

Hernando o Fernando Colón (Córdoba, 29 de agosto de 1487 - Sevilla, 1539), bibliógrafo y cosmógrafo español. Hijo de Cristóbal Colón y Beatriz Enríquez de Arana1 (una teoría dice que su madre fue Felipa de Coimbra), y mediohermano de Diego Colón. Participo en varios viajes con su padre. Josefina Mateu lbars: Hernando Colón. Una biblioteca excepcional, la de Hernando Colón (1488-1539) y la actual edición de su "Catálogo concordado". Sevilla, 1993. Universidad de Barcelona.
(…)
Hernando Colón escribió una obra sobre la vida y viajes de su padre que hoy se conoce como la Historia del Almirante. Hernando no llegó a publicarla y, a su muerte en 1539, el manuscrito pasó a su cuñada María de Toledo, esposa de Diego Colón. Posteriormente, Luis Colón (hijo y heredero de Diego) se lo entregó al genovés Baliano de Fornari, al parecer en pago de una deuda. Fue Fornari el que lo llevó a Venecia, donde se imprimió finalmente en 1571, con el título de Historie del S.D.Fernando Colombo; nelle s'ha particolare et vere relatione della vita e de fatti dell'Almiraglio D. Christoforo Colombo suo padre. La traducción del castellano al italiano la realizó Antonio de Ullóa.4 En el texto se distinguen dos partes claramente definidas: una primera que esboza la biografía de Cristóbal Colón y una segunda que narra los viajes del Almirante a las Indias.5

Estratificación y Desigualdad en la Seguridad Social Latinoamericana: Perú

Mesa-Lago, Carmelo, Estratificación y Desigualdad en la Seguridad Social Latinoamericana: Perú, Volume 11 of Latin America Studies Occasional Papers, Center for Latin American Studies, 1975.

Este ensayo se compone de tres partes. En la primera se presenta un modelo general (que incluye una serie de hipótesis) sobre la estratificación de la seguridad social en la América Latina, o sea, como existen diversos sistemas de seguro social con grados de protección desigual para distintos segmentos de la fuerza laboral. Dos aspectos fundamentales de esta primera parte son: la identificación y descripción de tres tipos de grupos de presión (“político”, “económico” y “sindical”) y su función como generadores del sistema de estratificación; y el análisis de las desigualdades resultantes de dicho sistema y como afectan a la nación. Las partes segunda y tercera del ensayo aplican el modelo y las hipótesis anteriores al Perú. En la segunda parte se analiza el papel que los grupos de presión en dicho país han desempeñado en el proceso de estratificación del seguro social. En la tercera y ultima parte se aportan cifras para evaluar las desigualdades existentes entre dichos grupos.

Educational Research; The English-Speaking Caribbean

Miller, Errol L., Educational Research; The English-Speaking Caribbean, Ottawa, Canada: International Development Research Centre, 1984.

Online PDF copy.

From the Foreword by Susanne Mowat:

Errol Miller in this book argues the case for assigning a higher priority to educational research than it has enjoyed so far. He is well equipped by training and experience to do so. His training in research came first from the University of the West Indies with further development at a North American university. The experience he gained through his academic activities as a lecturer at the University of the West Indies was subsequently enlarged by experiences in educational administration, both as principal of a teachers' college and as Permanent Secretary in the Ministry of Education in Jamaica. He was thus able to evaluate for himself, in a setting where he exercised responsibility, the role of educational research in forming and helping shape policy. Overall, the author takes a critical, but optimistic, look at the state of the art in the region, taking note not only of some sound early endeavors but also of the existence of a useful infrastructure. Funding for research will continue to be crucial, he argues, as will be growing independence from external funding and greater reliance on domestic support. This latter will depend, as will the ultimate role to be played by educational research, on the climate for research, which means the set of attitudes and the commitment to using and respecting the fruits of educational research that the region is able to generate.

A Bibliography of Caribbean Migration, and Caribbean immigrant communities

Brana-Shute, Rosemary, with the assistance of Rosemarijn Hoefte, A Bibliography of Caribbean Migration, and Caribbean immigrant communities, Gainesville : Reference and Bibliographic [sic] Dept., University of Florida Libraries in cooperation with the Center for Latin American Studies, University of Florida, 1983. {Another copy}

From the Acknowledgements:

The bibliographical search actually began in January of 1982 with a search of the computerized databases accessible at the University of Florida Libraries. In addition, a questionnaire to solicit bibliographic data was mailed to about five hundred people known to be or thought to be working on some aspect of Caribbean migration.

Reviewed in Social and Economic Studies © 1985.

El Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña, 1955 - 1973

Alegría, Ricardo E., El Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña, 1955 - 1973, San Juan: El Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña, 1978.

The Institute of Puerto Rican Culture (Spanish: Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña), or ICP, for short, is an institution of the Government of Puerto Rico responsible for the establishment of the cultural policies required in order to study, preserve, promote, enrich, and diffuse the cultural values of Puerto Rico.[1] Since October 1992, its headquarters have been located at the site of the old colonial Spanish Welfare House in Old San Juan.[2] The ICP was created by order of Law Number 89, signed June 21, 1955, and it started operating in November of that year. Its first Executive Director was Dr. Ricardo Alegría

El Caribe en Cifras

Rodríguez Cruz, Juan, El Caribe en Cifras, separata de The Caribbean In Transition, Rio Piedras: Institute of Caribbean Studies, 1965.

De la introducción:

El propósito de las siguientes tablas estadísticas es el de facilitar en forma breve y a vuelo de pájaro una visión socio-económica aproximada de cada una de las islas y territorios adyacentes al Caribe.

Frantz Fanon: A Critical Study

Gendzier, Irene L., Frantz Fanon: A Critical Study, New York: Pantheon Books, 1973.

See also Middle East Journal © 1974.

From the Author’s Preface and Acknowledgements:

The research for this study was carried out in the United States, France and Algeria, and it is based largely on works written by and about Frantz Fanon, on interviews held with members of his family and with friends and political associates, and on a part of the massive literature devoted to the Algerian Revolution. Without the help of numerous Algerians, both friends and officials, and I include residents of Algeria among them, there is little doubt that I would have learned considerably less and seen less of the people and places that were important to this study. There is a good deal left undone, though, notably a meeting with Mrs. Josie Fanon, who, in spite of attempts to meet, made it clear that she had had a surfeit of Fanon followers. More accessible were Mr. and Mrs. Joby Fanon, Dr. and Mrs. Françoise Tosquelles, Maître Marcel Manville, and the journalists, writers, and friends who made these and other interviews possible and who were often themselves valuable sources of information.

Irene Gendzier writes on subjects of U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East and problems of development. Her works include: Notes From the Minefield: United States Intervention in Lebanon and the Middle East, 1945-1958 (Columbia U Press, 1998; pbk.Westview Press, 1999); Development Against Democracy (Tyrone Press, 1995; previously:: Managing Political Change: Social Scientists and the Third World (Westview, 1985); Frantz Fanon: A Critical Study Pantheon (1973; revised ed. Evergreen, 1985); “Play it Again Sam: The Practice and Apology of Development,” in Christopher Simpson, ed., Universities and Empire (New Press, 1998); “Culture and Development: Veiled Apologetic or an Effort at Social Reconstruction of Economic and Political Change,” in The Fletcher Forum of World Affairs, (summer 1989,13,2). “Democracy, Deception, and the Arms Trade: The U.S. Iraq, and Weapons of Mass Destruction,” in Crimes of War: Iraq, edited by Richard Falk, Irene Gendzier, and Robert Jay Lifton, (Nation Books, 2006). Irene Gendzier is Professor in the Department of Political Science at Boston University.

La Junta de La Habana en 1808

Ponte Domínguez, Francisco, La Junta de La Habana en 1808, La Habana: Editorial Guerrero 1947.

A manera de Prólogo:

Breves palabras en justificación del tema. Motiva esta monografía la distinta apreciación que de un mismo evento de nuestro pasado colonial hiciera el doctor Vidal Morales y Morales, historiógrafo cubano de positivo valer. El fue quien primero hurgó en los archivos de la Isla compulsando datos, acotando citas, e interpretando el verdadero sentido de los documentos. Como fruto de su tesonera labor intelectual pudo ofrecer libros de obligada consulta al investigador perspicaz de la ciencia histórica. Sin embargo, en el breve lapso de tres años comenta, de modo diverso, el propósito perseguido con el intento de erección de una Junta Superior de Gobierno, por las personas representativas de La Habana, a fines de julio de 1808.

En un sesudo articulo, inserto en la revista El Fígaro a raíz de la instalación del régimen autonómico en Cuba, Vidal Morales sustenta el criterio de que el proyecto de Junta provincial “no era otro que el establecimiento de un gobierno autonómico”; y concreta, a continuación, sus rasgos esenciales. Poco después, en 1901, al publicar su obra mas trascendente, con el sugestivo titulo Iniciadores y Primeros Mártires de la Revolución Cubana, quizás al calor de la nueva época política del país, dijo de aquel conato de Junta o Cámara de Notables “que probablemente hubiera dado por resultado la independencia de esta Isla”.

La primera tesis acoge, en verdad, el pensamiento de los dirigentes políticos de La Habana que idearon esa asamblea comunal con la más pura intención de fidelidad a la Metrópoli española. El ultimo parecer concuerda, en cambio, con sus obcecados opositores, los que calificaron como “tiránica e independiente” la frustrada Junta, para así denigrar el orden publico de la Colonia a los autores de la iniciativa progresista. A dilucidar el proceso evolutivo y finalidad real que animaba a los promotores de esa asamblea de patricios en la Habana, durante aquellos días cruciales de la gobernación política y económica insular, tiende este modesto ensayo.

Bolivar and the Independence of Spanish America

Trend, J. B., Bolivar and the Independence of Spanish America, New York: The MacMillan Company, 1948.

From the author’s Preface:

The following study does not pretend to be based on new material. It is an account and an interpretation of Bolivar in the light of the large number of documents which have been printed since the last English biography was written in 1910. (…) I have tried particularly to bring out the importance of Bolivar’s political theories, because they distinguish him from all other liberators. A chronological arrangement has been chosen; and though, by this method, military campaigns and romantic constitutions follow one another in an order which may well seem bewildering, an attempt to segregate political theory in one chapter, strategy and tactics in another and revolutionary politics in a third would have created an impression almost entirely fictitious. The thoughts and actions of Bolivar’s life are only intelligible when taken together at the same time.

Catálogo de Errores y Calumnias en la Historia de Bolívar, Tomo I, II &III

Lecuna, Vicente, Catálogo de Errores y Calumnias en la Historia de Bolívar, Tomo III, New York: Colonial Press, Inc., 1958. [Tomo I, 1956][Tomo II, 1957]

Vicente Lecuna Salboch (Caracas, Venezuela, 14 de septiembre de 1870 - Caracas, 20 de febrero de 1954), Ingeniero, banquero, educador e historiador Venezolano. Restaurador, organizador y conservador del Archivo de Simón Bolívar, reconstructor de su Casa Natal y editor de la documentación del Libertador.

See also The American Historical Review.

Des Colonies Françaises: Abolition Immédiate de l'Esclavage

Schoelcher, Victor, Des Colonies Françaises: Abolition Immédiate de l'Esclavage, Reproduction de l’édition de 1842, Société d’Histoire de la Guadeloupe, Société d’Histoire de la Martinique, 1976.

Victor Schoelcher (22 July 1804, Paris - 25 December 1893, Houilles) was a French abolitionist writer in the 19th century and the main spokesman for a group from Paris who worked for the abolition of slavery, and formed an abolition society in 1834. He worked especially hard for the abolition of slavery on the Caribbean islands. (...) He was responsible for the publication of many articles regarding slavery between 1833 and 1847 in which he focused on positive aspects of abolishing slavery. Schoelcher was also intent on social, economic, and political changes being made in the Caribbean colonies. He thought that the production of sugar should continue in the colonies but large central factories should be constructed rather than using slave labor. Schoelcher was the first European abolitionist to visit Haiti and had a large influence on the abolitionist movements in all of the French West Indies.

La Guadeloupe, Vol.s 1, 2 & 3 [1962 & 1976]

1) Bangou, Henri, La Guadeloupe, 1492-1848; ou, L'histoire de la colonisation de l'île liée à l'esclavage noir de ses débuts à sa disparition, Éditions du Centre [1962]. (signed by the author for Dr. Thomas Mathews)

2) Bangou, Henri, La Guadeloupe, 1848-1939: ou, Les aspects de la colonisation aprés l'abolition de l'esclavage, Éditions du Centre [1962].

3) Bangou, Henri, La Guadeloupe, de 1939 a nos jours ou la nécessaire décolonisation, Éditions du Centre [1962].

4) Bangou, Henri, La Guadeloupe, de 1939 a nos jours ou la nécessaire décolonisation, Éditions du Centre [1970].[the above are soft-cover]

1) Bangou, Henri, La Guadeloupe, 1492-1848; ou, L'histoire de la colonisation de l'île liée à l'esclavage noir de ses débuts à sa disparition, Francaribes 1976.

2) Bangou, Henri, La Guadeloupe, 1848-1939: ou, Les aspects de la colonisation aprés l'abolition de l'esclavage, Francaribes 1976.

3) Bangou, Henri, La Guadeloupe, de 1939 a nos jours ou la nécessaire décolonisation, Francaribes 1976. [the above three are hard-cover and in pristine condition]

Henri Bangou:

Hostile to assimilation, he was among those who prepared the founding congress of the Communist Party of Guadeloupe in 1958, he was a member of the Politburo. Elected in 1959 first deputy of the new communist mayor Dessout Hector, his former high school teacher, he was brought to replace often, before substituting this one, who had rallied to Gaullism in 1963, during the municipal elections of 1965. He then tried to erradicate the slums of Pointe-à-Pitre. Elected General Counsel and constantly re-elected until 1985, he was also regional councilor from 1975 to 1986, and was elected senator in 1986...

Amérigo y el Nuevo Mundo

Arciniegas, Germán, Amérigo y el Nuevo Mundo, México: Editorial Hermes, 1955.

Cited in American Quarterly © 1958.

De la introducción del autor:

Este libro ha nacido de un sencillo deseo de aproximación humana a Vespucci. No se trata de una obra de reivindicación, ni de una contribución a riñas académicas. Es evidente que el resultado final de este estudio muestra un Amérigo Vespucci radicalmente distinto del que han retratado sus detractores, y diferente del que muestran sus panegiristas. Pero todas las conclusiones deben considerarse puramente accidentales, he partido de una idea preconcebida, de un Amérigo hecho según mis deseos, para buscarle confirmación en los archivos. El tema lo he hallado de manera casual. Hace años que vengo estudiando las vidas de los Vespucci a través de un siglo de historia florentina. Como es obvio, he llegado a un Amérigo como el término natural de mi investigación. Algún día habré de presentar los que fueron los otros Vespucci. Pero por el momento podrá verse que el navegante fue un buen hombre, y un hombre culto, ilustrado en al mejor escuela del humanismo, que accidentalmente llego a España, que se vio envuelto en los viajes no por espíritu aventurero ni por vocación heroica, y que debió todo el curso de su carrera a dos condiciones fundamentales en él: una curiosidad científica iluminada por su propio genio, y la fama, que jamás dejo de acompañarle, de ser un hombre en quien todos podían confiar.

The Spanish Empire in America

Haring, C. H., The Spanish Empire in America, New York: Oxford University Press, 1947.

Reviewed in The English Historical Review © 1948 and The Americas © 1947.

From the author’s Foreword:

The following pages endeavor to bring together within the compass of a single volume what we know about the institutional history of the Spanish colonies in America from the Discovery in 1492 down to the Wars of Independence. They are concerned with the transfer of Spanish modes of government and society from the Old World to the New, and with their evolution in a remote and very different American environment. (…) As a history of institutions the volume leans more to description than to narrative. Throughout, however, the concept of development has been kept clearly in view.

Admiral of the Ocean Sea: A Life of Christopher Columbus

Morison, Samuel Eliot, Admiral of the Ocean Sea: A Life of Christopher Columbus, Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1949.

Reviewed in The American Historical Review © 1944.

Samuel Eliot Morison, Rear Admiral, United States Naval Reserve (July 9, 1887 – May 15, 1976) was an American historian noted for his works of maritime history that were both authoritative and highly readable. He received his Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1912, and taught history at the university for 40 years. He won Pulitzer Prizes for Admiral of the Ocean Sea (1942), a biography of Christopher Columbus, and John Paul Jones: A Sailor's Biography (1959).

Peruvian Antiquities

Rivero y Ustariz, Mariano Eduardo de & Johann Jakob von Tschudi, Peruvian Antiquities, New York: George P. Putnam & Co.1853.

From the Preface:

The history of nations, or of the times in which they flourished, does not interest, simply by showing the degree of power and culture to which they attained, and the means by which they were able to subjugate or aggrandize those who were ruled; but also, by instructing us in the progressive steps of commerce, arts, and sciences; those mighty agents which enlarge the understanding, develop the riches of nature, remove obstacles, and prepare a people for the enjoyment of rational liberty. The code which governed the ancient Peruvian nation, dictated by its founder, Manco-Capac, and amplified by his successors, laid the foundations of that public happiness, of which for some centuries his descendants have been deprived: but it was not the basis of that political liberty which moves men, inspires great thoughts, diffuses light, and enlarges the limits of human knowledge. Its theocratical government took care that the worship of the divinity which they adored, throughout the entire kingdom, should not languish; it was a means which, as in all the most enlightened monarchies of the old world, was called in, to give security to political power:-that public morality should not be relaxed by the toleration of disorder:-that agriculture and industry should be advanced:-that public works should be constructed and preserved:-and finally, that no one should be without occupation, and useless alike to the State and his fellow-men. Kings and priests at the same time, the sovereigns ruled, in the name of the Sun, with an absolute independence; but were not, on this account, placed above the laws of justice and humanity. To study, therefore, institutions so beneficent, on the very spot where they existed; to examine their archaeological monuments; to obtain an exact knowledge of their idiom, religion, laws, sciences and customs, as well as all that relates to the empire of the Andes, was the plan which we proposed to pursue, by traversing the land of the Incas.

Text.

Illustrations and synopsis.

San Andrés y Providencia: Una Geografía Histórica de las Islas Colombianas del Caribe Occidental

Parsons, James J., San Andrés y Providencia: una geografía histórica de las islas colombianas del Caribe occidental, Bogotá: Publicaciones del Banco de la Republica, 1964.

De los “Reconocimientos” del autor:

Los trabajos de campo para este estudio se llevaron acabo en la primavera y verano de 1953, con la ayuda de la Oficina de Investigaciones Navales, Sección de Geografía, de los Estados Unidos. (…) Mi buen amigo John P. Harrison de los Archivos Nacionales en Washington,… me ha hecho caer en cuenta de muchas referencias dudosas e hizo valiosas críticas y sugestiones. El Doctor Francisco A. Newball de San Andrés me dio acceso gratuito a sus obras históricas y a su archivo completo del “San Andrés Searchlight” (1912 – 1914)…

Disponible en línea por medio de SCRIBD.

Indice:

I. Introducción
II. Actividades colonizadoras de los puritanos y corsarios del siglo XVII
III. Los ingleses bajo España
IV. Geografía política – Período de la Republica
V. Negociantes yankees y desarrollo agrícola
VI. Tortugas y lobos de mar
VII. Emigración hacia tierra firme
VIII. Nociones de geografía social y cultural
IX. Notas
X. Anexos

The French in the West Indies

Adolphe Roberts, Walter, The French in the West Indies, New York: Cooper Sq. Publishers Inc., 1971.

Walter Adolphe Roberts, historian, poet novelist, journalist and patriot was born 1886 in Kingston, Jamaica. He was the son of Adolphus Roberts a clergyman Curate of the Kingston Parish Church, Chaplain at Port Royal and Rector at Luidas Vale. His mother Josephine Fannie (nee Napier), was of French ancestry. Walter Adolphe spent his early years at his home near Mandeville, Manchester where he received his early education. He was entirely educated by private tutors, mostly his father. He spoke both French and Spanish which assisted him in his many travels to France, Spain, Belgium, Italy, Latin America , the U.S.A. and Britain.

Contents:

I. Adam's Will
II.El Dorado
III. In the Lesser Antilles
IV. Tortuga and the Buccaneers
V. From Poincy to Ogeron
VI. The Colonies Take Form
VII. Illustrious Du Casse
VIII. Pere Dutertre and Pere Labat
IX. On the Gulf Coast
X. The Mississippi Bubble
XI.Battledore and Shuttlecock
XII. Opulent Saint Domingue
XIII. Josephine's Tropics
XIV. The Code Noir
XV. Louisiana under the French
XVI. The Battle of the Saintes
XVII. The French Revolution
XVIII. The Black Revolution
XIX. Leclerc's Debacle
XX. The Brigands' War
XXI. France and the Spanish Colonies
XXII. "Peace Reigned"
XXIII. Napoleon III and the Confederacy
XXIV. The Mexican Adventure
XXV. Scheming for Canals
XXVI. Under the Third Republic
XXVII. Franco-American Louisiana
XXVIII. All Around the Caribbean
XXIX. The Twentieth Century, up to 1942

Two Years in the French West Indies

Hearn, Lafcadio, Two years in the French West Indies, New York: Harper & Brothers, 1923. [With many illustrations from photographs by Arthur W. Rushmore and drawings by Marie Royle]

From the Preface:

During a trip to the Lesser Antilles in the summer of 1887, the writer of the following pages, landing at Martinique, fell under the influence of that singular spell which the island has always exercised upon strangers, and by which it has earned its poetic name,—Le Pays des Revenants. Even as many another before him, he left its charmed shores only to know himself haunted by that irresistible regret,—unlike any other,—which is the enchantment of the land upon all who wander away from it. So he returned, intending to remain some months; but the bewitchment prevailed, and he remained two years.

Available on-line via Project Gutenberg.

Patrick Lafcadio Hearn (27 June 1850 – 26 September 1904), known also by the Japanese name Koizumi Yakumo, was an international writer, known best for his books about Japan, especially his collections of Japanese legends and ghost stories, such as Kwaidan: Stories and Studies of Strange Things. In the United States, Hearn is also known for his writings about the city of New Orleans based on his 10-year stay in that city. (…) Hearn's writings for the New Orleans newspapers included impressionistic descriptions of places and characters and many stern, vigorous editorials denouncing political corruption, street crime, violence, intolerance, and the failures of public health and hygiene officials. Despite the fact that he is credited with "inventing" New Orleans as an exotic and mysterious place, his obituaries of the vodou leaders Marie Laveau and Doctor John Montenet are matter-of-fact and debunking. A selection of Hearn's writings were collected in S. Fredrick Starr's book Inventing New Orleans: Writings of Lafcadio Hearn, published by the University Press of Mississippi.[2] Harper's sent Hearn to the West Indies as a correspondent in 1887. He spent two years in Martinique and produced two books: Two Years in the French West Indies and Youma, The Story of a West-Indian Slave, both in 1890.

Léopold Sédar Senghor and the Politics of Negritude

Markovitz, Irving Leonard, Léopold Sédar Senghor and the politics of Negritude, New York: Atheneum, 1969.

Reviewed in ASA Review of Books © 1976.

Contents:

I. Léopold Senghor and the Functions of Ideology for Developing Nations
II. The Changing Social Functions of Negritude as an Ideology: 1931 – 1966
III. France and Senegal: The Appeal of Colonialism for Dependent Countries
IV. Autonomy, Nationalism and Independence
V. The Definition of Senegalese Socialism
VI. Development and Socialism
VII. Democracy and Economic Development
VIII. Technicity and the New Humanism