Monday, December 31, 2018

Actes du XLIIe Congrès international des américanistes: Congrés du centenaire: Paris, 2-9 septembre 1976


Lafaye, Jacques, Actes du XLIIe Congrès international des américanistes: Congrés du centenaire: Paris, 2-9 septembre 1976, Vol. VI, Paris : Société des américanistes, 1977-1979. (trois exemplaires)

Table des Matières:

I. Los dioses titulares étnicos y los héroes deificados:

1. Carrasco, Pedro, “Las bases sociales del politeísmo: los dioses tutelares”.
2. Davies, Nigel, “Mixcoatl: Man and God”.
3. Jiménez Moreno, Wigberto, “De Tezcatlipoca a Huitzilopochtli”.
4. Nicholson, Henry B., “Ehecatl Quetzalcoatl vs. Topiltzin Quetzalcoatl of Tollan: A Problem in Mesoamerican Religion and History.”
5. Uchmany, Eva Alexandra, “Las características de un dios tutelar mesoamericano: Huitzilopochtli”.
6. Zantwijk, Rudolf van, “El parentesco y la afiliación étnica de Huitzilopochtli”.

II. Religión y Sociedad:

1. Hellbom, Anna-Britta, “Reflejos de ‘sincretismo’ en el Valle de México”.
2. Heyden, Doris, “Flores, creencias y el control social”.
3. Finkler, Kaja, “Spiritualism in rural Mexico”.
4. Gonzales T., Yolotl, “Algunas consideraciones sobre la antropofagia en Mesoamérica”.
5. Lagarriga Attias, Isabel, “Une ejemplo de religiosidad de los marginales de México: el Espiritualismo Trinitario Mariano”.
6. Durand-Forest, Jacqueline de, “Tlaloc: dieu au doble visage”.
7. Knab, Tim, “Talocan Talmanic: supernatural beings of the Sierra de Puebla”.

III. Système des charges civiles et religieuses des communautés indiennes:

1. Camara-Barbachano, Fernando, “El sistema de cargos en México y Perú”.
2. Chamoux, Marie- Noëlle, “Système des charges et transformation des bases de l'institution communautaire: l'exemple d'un village de la Sierra de Puebla”.
3. Dehouve, Danièle, “Le système des fêtes dans une hacienda caprine des Etats de Puebla et de Guerrero au XIXe siècle”.
4. Demyk, Michel, “Evolution du pouvoir local et transformation des élites villageoises au Guatémala”.
5. Oettinger, Marion, “Defensive regulation: an example from Tlapanec Mayordomia lending groups”.
6. Olivera-Bustamante, Mercedes, “Papel de los Pillis de Tecali en la estructura socio-económica del siglo xvi prehispánico”.
7. Sánchez Farfán, Jorge, “Antropología de la salud”.
8. Signorini, Italo, “El sistema de cargos civiles y religiosos de los Mareños (Huaves) del istmo de Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, México”.
9. De Walt, Billie R., “The cargo system and economic development in Puerto de las Piedras”.

IV. El concepto de enfermedad en Meso- y Suramérica:

1. Viesca Treviño, Carlos, “El concepto de enfermedad en Mesoamérica.”
2. Peña Páez, Ignacio de la y Carlos Viesca Treviño, “Vida, enfermedad y muerte a través delos cantos y poesías náhuatl.”
3. Rodríguez Ramírez, Fracisco J., “Los colores, la ordenación del mundo y la enfermedad.”
4. Ortiz de Montellano, Bernard, “The rational causes of illnesses among the Aztecs.”
5. Fernández del Castillo, Francisco, “La observación clínica en la medicina mágica azteca.”
6. Quezada, Noemí, “Creencias tradicionales sobre embarazo y parto.”
7. Casales Ortiz, Gabino, “Conceptos de enfermedades parasitarias en la cultura náhuatl.”
8. Jiménez-Olivares, Ernestina, “La enfermedad mental en la cultura náhuatl.”
9. Castillas, Leticia E., “La distancia personal y la enfermedad en México prehispánico.”
10. Vargas, Luis A., “Las relaciones interpersonales y la enfermedad en la época prehispánica.”
11. Cortés, Jesús, “La medicina tradicional en la Sierra mazateca.”
12. Álvarez Laurencia, “Métodos de diagnóstico en un pueblo náhuatl.”
13. Collado, Rolando, “El paradigma en la dialéctica de las medicinas americanas.”
14. Mitrani, Philippe, “Essai de systématisation de la practique médicale yaruro.”
15. Perrin Michel, “Théories et practiques médicales des indiens Goajiro.”
16. Seijas, Haydée, “Los estudios de etnomedicina en Venezuela: una revisión crítica de la literatura.”
17. Muñoz – Bernand, Carmen, “Note sur le systèmes d’interprétation des maladies dans la Sierra Sud de L'Équateur.”
18. Friedberg, Claudine, “L’imaginaire dans les thérapeutiques populaires. Proposition de quelques thèmes de réflexion à travers l’exemple du complexe thérapeutique huancabambin (sierra de Piura au nord du Pérou).”

V. Continuity and Change among the Garífuna of Central America:

1. Davidson, William B., “The Garífuna symposium: an intorduction.”
2. Gullick, Charles J.M., “The black Caribs in St. Vincent: the Carib war and aftermath.”
3. Davidson, William V., “Disperal of the Garífuna in the Western Caribbean.”
4. Hadel, Richard E., Reflections on the Garífuna language and society.”
5. Dirks, Robert, ”John Canoe: ethnohistorical and comparative analysis of a Carib dance.”
6. Whipple, Emory C., “Carib music, dance and folklore.”
7. Kerns, Virginia, “Black Carib (Garífuna) paternity rituals.”
8. Borgia, Vito, “A dematoglyphic study of the black Caribs of British Honduras.”
9. Cosminsky, Sheila, “Medicinal plants of the black Caribs.”
10. Sanford, Margaret, “Disease and folk-curing among the Garífuna of Belize.”
11. Hadel, Richard E., “Changing attitudes towards the Caribs of Belize.”
12. Davidson, William V., “Coastal imperative lost?: village abandonment among the Honduran Garífuna.”
13. González, Nancie L., “From black Carib to Garífuna. The coming of age of an ethnic group.”

VI. Afro-American Studies

1. Bascom, Williams, “Introduction.”
2. Omibiyi, Mosunmola, “Interaction between African and Afro-American music.”
3. Montero Bascomb, Berta, “Seven Afro-Cuban myths.”
4. Pollak-Eltz, Angelina, “Las mascaras de los ‘diablos’ de Chuao y su possible origen africano.”
5. Abimbola, Wande, “Yoruba religion in Brazil: problems and prospects.”
6. Yai, Olabiyi Babalola, “Influence Yoruba dans la poésie cubaine: Nicolas Guillen et la tradition poétique Yoruba.”
7. Meyer, Marlyse, “Charlemagne, roi du Congo: notes sur la présence carolingienne dans la culture populaire brésilienne.”

Saturday, December 22, 2018

Historia General de los Hechos de los Castellanos en las Islas, y Tierra-Firme de el Mar Occeano, Tomo X


De Herrera, Antonio, Historia general de los hechos de los castellanos en las islas, y tierra-firme de el mar occeano, Prólogo de J. Natalicio González; Tomo X, Asunción del Paraguay: Editorial Guarania, 1945.



La numeración marginal indica la paginación de la edición de 1726 – 1730, de la que esta es reproducción fiel e integral. Las cifras que van entre paréntesis marcan el texto que en la edición aludida va en la primera o segunda columna de cada pagina.

Historia General de los Hechos de los Castellanos en las Islas, y Tierra-Firme de el Mar Occeano, Tomo IX


De Herrera, Antonio, Historia general de los hechos de los castellanos en las islas, y tierra-firme de el mar occeano, Prólogo de J. Natalicio González; Tomo IX, Asunción del Paraguay: Editorial Guarania, 1945.



La numeración marginal indica la paginación de la edición de 1726 – 1730, de la que esta es reproducción fiel e integral. Las cifras que van entre paréntesis marcan el texto que en la edición aludida va en la primera o segunda columna de cada pagina.

Historia General de los Hechos de los Castellanos en las Islas, y Tierra-Firme de el Mar Occeano, Tomo VIII


De Herrera, Antonio, Historia general de los hechos de los castellanos en las islas, y tierra-firme de el mar occeano, Prólogo de J. Natalicio González; Tomo VIII, Asunción del Paraguay: Editorial Guarania, 1945.



La numeración marginal indica la paginación de la edición de 1726 – 1730, de la que esta es reproducción fiel e integral. Las cifras que van entre paréntesis marcan el texto que en la edición aludida va en la primera o segunda columna de cada pagina.

Historia General de los Hechos de los Castellanos en las Islas, y Tierra-Firme de el Mar Occeano, Tomo VII


De Herrera, Antonio, Historia general de los hechos de los castellanos en las islas, y tierra-firme de el mar occeano, Prólogo de J. Natalicio González; Tomo VII, Asunción del Paraguay: Editorial Guarania, 1945.



La numeración marginal indica la paginación de la edición de 1726 – 1730, de la que esta es reproducción fiel e integral. Las cifras que van entre paréntesis marcan el texto que en la edición aludida va en la primera o segunda columna de cada pagina.

Historia General de los Hechos de los Castellanos en las Islas, y Tierra-Firme de el Mar Occeano, Tomo VI


De Herrera, Antonio, Historia general de los hechos de los castellanos en las islas, y tierra-firme de el mar occeano, Prólogo de J. Natalicio González; Tomo VI, Asunción del Paraguay: Editorial Guarania, 1945.



La numeración marginal indica la paginación de la edición de 1726 – 1730, de la que esta es reproducción fiel e integral. Las cifras que van entre paréntesis marcan el texto que en la edición aludida va en la primera o segunda columna de cada pagina.

Saturday, September 8, 2018

Readings In Latin American History, Volume I: to 1810


Hanke, Lewis, Readings In Latin American History, Volume I: to 1810, New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company, 1966.

Lewis Hanke (1905–1993) was a preeminent U.S. historian of colonial Latin America, and is best known for his writings on the Spanish conquest of Latin America. Hanke, along with two others, Irving A. Leonard and John T. Lanning, presented a revisionist narrative of colonial history that focused on the role of Bartolomé de las Casas, who famously advocated for the rights of Native Americans, and searched for just resolutions to the tensions between the conquistadores and the natives during the colonial period of Spanish rule. Hanke's writings documented Las Casas' work as a political activist, historian, political theorist, and anthropologist. His scholarship also uncovered evidence to support Hanke’s claim that Las Casas did not act as the sole voice of conscience during the colonial era, but actually constituted the head of what was a larger reform movement by a number of Spanish colonists to prevent "the destruction of the Indies.”[1] His historiography was similar to the one of his contemporary Jaime Eyzaguirre.[2]

Latin America: A Historical Reader


Hanke, Lewis, Latin America: A Historical Reader, Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1974.

See also Instructor’s Manual to accompany 'Latin America: A Historical Reader'.

An Interview with Lewis Hanke in The Hispanic American Historical Review © 1988.

Sunday, August 26, 2018

Compendio y Descripción de las Indias Occidentales


Vázquez de Espinosa, Antonio, Compendio y descripción de las Indias Occidentales, Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1948.

Texto disponible en línea.

Reseñado en Academy of American Franciscan History 1951.

Reseñado en Nature volume 163, page 467 (26 March 1949).

Fray Antonio Vazquez de Espinosa (born in Jerez de la Frontera and died Seville, 1630) was a Spanish friar of the Discalced Carmelites originally from Jerez de la Frontera whose Compendio y Descripcion de las Indias Occidentales has become a source of detail for the history of South America, since the manuscript's discovery in the Vatican Library in 1929.

Saturday, August 11, 2018

History of Latin American Civilization: Sources and Interpretations. Vol. 2: The Modern Age (1st & 2nd Editions)


Hanke, Lewis, History of Latin American Civilization: Sources and Interpretations. Vol. 2: The Modern Age, Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1967.

Hanke, Lewis, History of Latin American Civilization: Sources and Interpretations. Vol. 2: The Modern Age, Second Edition, United States: Little, Brown & Co., 1973.

Reviewed in Academy of American Franciscan History 1968.

Table of Contents:
Section I What Kind of Revolution Occurred in Latin America Between 1810 and 1830?

A. General
1. Only the Beginnings of a Basic Transformation Took Place, by Charles C. Griffin
B. Contemporary Descriptions of Conditions
2. Reports by British and United States Officials: (a) Caesar A. Rodney on Argentina (1818); (b) Charles Milner Rickettes on Peru (1826); (c) Joel Roberts Poinsett on Mexico (1829)
C. Special Topics
3. Education in Colombia, by David Bushnell
4. The Ethnic Factor, by Magnus Morner
D. The End of the Revolutionary Period
5. The Great Landed Estates Remained, by R.A. Humphreys
6. Further Reflections, by Charles C. Griffin
E. Brazil
7. The Uniqueness of Brazil, by C.H. Haring

Section II Juan Manuel de Rosas: Bloody Tyrant, or Founder of Argentine Unity and Defender of the Nation’s Independence?

A. Contemporary Attitudes
1. Foreign Estimates of Rosas, by William Spence Robertson
2. The Slaughter House, by Esteban Echevarria
B. Nineteenth Century Historical Controversy
3. The Tyranny of Rosas, by Jose Manuel Estrada
4. The “Middle Ages” of Argentine History, by Ernesto Quesada
C. Recent Interpretations
5. Rosas Continued the Authoritarian Colonial Tradition, by Jose Luis Romero
6. Rosas Assured the Continued Prosperity of the Pastoral Industries, by Miron Burgin
D. Revisionists and Revision
7. Discussions on Rosas Reflect the Swirling Currents of Argentine Life, by Clifton B. Kroeber
8. Rosas Still Lives in the Hearts of Some Argentines!

Section III Economic Entrepreneurs in the Mid Nineteenth Century

A. Colombia
1. There Was No Lack of Individual Enterprise, by Frank Safford
B. Mexico
2. The Spirit of Enterprise in Yucatan, by Howard F. Cline
C. Chile
3. Economic Development Before the War of the Pacific, by Frederick B. Pike
4. The Dawn of Manufacturing in Chile, by J. Fred Rippy & Jack Pfeiffer
D. Peru
5. Henry Meiggs, Yankee Pizarro, by J. Fred Rippy

Section IV Negro Slavery in Brazil

A. How Foreigners Viewed Negro Slavery
1. Slaves in Brazil Have More Tolerable Lives Than Those in Other Countries, by Henry Koster
2. “A Horrid Traffic”: Life on a Slave Ship, by Robert Walsh
3. A British Consular Report on Slavery in Northern Brazil (1831), by Robert Hesketh
4. Slavery is Doomed in Brazil, by D.P. Kidder & J.C. Fletcher
5. Slavery is a Curse for Bothe Negroes and Whites, by Herbert H. Smith
B. Analysis by a Historian
6. Patterns of Living in the Vassouras Plantation, by Stanley J. Stein
C. Recent Interpretations
7. Why Slavery Was Abolished, by Emilia Viotti da Costa
8. The Brazilian Slave, by Robert Conrad

Section V The Chilean Revolution of 1891: The Beginning of National Frustration

A. Background of the Revolution
1. An Era of Exuberant Confidence, by Frederick B. Pike
B. Interpretations of Historians Today
2. Balmaceda’s Economic Ideas Differed Fundamentally from Those of the Bankers, Businessmen, and Landowners, by Hernan Ramirez Necochea
3. A Purely Economic Interpretation Is Dangerous, by Harold Blakemore

Section VI Porfirio Diaz, Dictator of Mexico

A. Contemporary Interpretations
1. President Diaz: Hero of the Americas, by James Creelman
2. The Diaz System, by John Kenneth Turner
B. Contemporary Documents
3. Mexico Needs Foreign Capital (1897), by “El Economista Mexicano”
4. A Catholic Conference Discusses Agrarian Problems (1904), by Trinidad Sánchez Santos
5. Program of the Liberal Party (1906)
6. Mexican Workers Do Not Go To The United States! (1910), by “El Imparcial”
C. Later Views
7. The Diaz Regime as Background for the Revolution, by Charles C. Cumberland
8. The Porfiriato: Legend and Reality, by Daniel Cosio Villegas

Section VII The Great Debate: Cultural Nationalism, Anti-Americanism, and the Idea of Historical Destiny in Spanish America

A. General
1. Cultural Nationalism: The Dreams of Spanish-American Intellectuals, by Cesar Graña
2. The Hispano-American’s World, by Waldo Frank
B. Ariel: Source and Symbol of Misunderstanding
3. Ariel Embodies the Mastery of Reason and of Sentiment Over the Baser Impulses of Unreason, by Jose Enrique Rodo
4. Rodo Still Touches Chords of Sympathy and Desire in Latin America, by Kalman H. Silvert
5. The Two Americas Are Far Apart, by Richard M. Morse
C. A Case Study: Xenophobia in Mexico
6. The Roots of Nationalism, by Frederick C. Turner

Section VIII Imperialism, Intervention, and Communism in the Caribbean

A. General
1. The United States is Honor Bound to Maintain Law and Order in South America, by George W. Crichfield
2. United States Policy Was Not Inspired by Sinister or Sordid Motives, by Dana G. Munro
3.”Free Elections” Are Not the Answer, by Theodore Paul Wright, Jr.
B. The Coming of Castro
4. The Castro Revolution Was the Culmination of a Long Series of Thwarted Revolutions, by Hugh Thomas
C. The Dominican Republic During and After Trujillo
5. The High Price of Stability, by Raymond H. Pulley
6 The Issue of Communism Divides Rather Than Unites the Members of the Inter-American System, by Gordon Connell-Smith

Section IX The Age of Getulio Vargas in Brazil (1930 – 1954)

A. The Early Years
1. Brazil’s Political and Economic Condition When Vargas Seized Power, by Horace B. Davis
2. Brazil Made Tremendous Advances, by Karl Loewenstein
3. Foreign Influences at the Outbreak of World War II, by Bailey W. Diffie
B. The Return of Vargas
4. The Election of 1950, by John W. F. Dulles
5. Peron and Vargas in 1951, by George Pendle
6. Crisis and Corruption, by Jose Maria Bello
7. Suicide Note, by Getulio Vargas

Section X Historians and Historical Controversies

A. The Historian’s Task
1. The Mexican Idea of History, by Luis Villoro
2. The Historian Must Be Free, by France V. Scholes
3. History Belongs to Our Own Generation, by Jose Honorio Rodrigues
B. The Soviet Image of Latin America
4. Contemporary Soviet Research on Latin America, buy J. Gregory Oswald
C. Dialogue on How to Teach Latin American History in the United States
5. Unthinkable Thoughts, by Lewis Hanke
6. Social Injustice: The Constant in Latin American History (1492 - ), by Gunnar Mendoza

History of Latin American Civilization: Sources and Interpretations. Vol. I: The Colonial Experience (1st & 2nd Editions)


Hanke, Lewis, History of Latin American Civilization: Sources and Interpretations. Vol. I: The Colonial Experience, Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1967.

Hanke, Lewis, History of Latin American Civilization: Sources and Interpretations. Vol. I: The Colonial Experience, Second Edition, United States: Little, Brown & Co., 1973.

Reviewed in Academy of American Franciscan History 1968.

The contents of this volume and of its companion to follow, on the period of 1810 to the present, have been drawn from the rich store of material that has appeared in widely scattered publications. The selections from the original sources illustrate the freshness and unique character of such documents. The later writers approach their subjects from varied points of view. Many are historians, but the insights and interpretations of anthropologists, geographers, librarians and men of letters are also represented so that this collection brings together the work of many minds and disciplines.


Table of Contents:
Section I The Transit of Civilization.

A. General
1. A Major Challenge, by Charles Julian Bishko
B. The Spanish Background
2. The Middle Ages in the Conquest of America, by Luis Weckmann
3. America as Fantasy, by Lewis Hanke
4. The Transfer of Plants and Animals, by James A. Robertson
5. The Libraries of Colonial Spanish America, by Lawrence S. Thompson
C. The Portuguese Background
6. The Mobility, Miscibility, and Adaptability of the Portuguese, by Gilberto Freyre
7. The Portuguese Culture in Brazil, by Emilio Willems
D. The New World's Influence on the Old
8. Why Prices Rose in Europe, by John Lynch

Section II Was Inca Rule Tyrannical?

A. Favorable Assessments of the Sixteenth Century
1. How the Incas Achieved So Much, by Pedro de Cienza de Leon
2. The Corruption of an Ideal Indian Society by the Spaniards, by Mancio Sierra de Leguizamo
3. Land Division, Tribute, and Treatment of Vassals, by Garcilaso de la Vega
B. The Spanish Justification for Conquest
4. Viceroy Toledo's Attack on Inca Rule, by Lewis Hanke
5. The Tyranny of Inca Rule, by Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa
C. Modern Interpretations
6. The Inca Empire was Socialistic, by Louis Baudin
7. Despotism or Socialism?, by Alfred Metraux

Section III Relations Between Indians and Spaniards

A. The First Cry for Justice in America
1. The Sermons of Friar Antonio de Montesinos, 1511
B. Just War Against the Indians
2. The Requirement, 1512
3. The Doctrine of Just War, by Silvio Zavala
C. Fundamental Ordinances
4. The Laws of Burgos, 1512
5. The New Laws, 1542
6. Royal Ordinances on “Pacification”, 1573
D. The Encomienda
7. Title of the Encomienda Given to Julio Gutierrez Altamirano in Chile, 1566
8. The Audiencia of New Galicia and the Indians, by J.H. Parry
E. Interpretations
9. A Seventeenth Century Defense of Spain’s Indian Policies, by Juan de Solorzano y Pereyra
10. The Theory and Practice of Racial Segregation in Colonial Spanish America, by Magnus Morner
11. Spanish Exploitation of Indians in Central Mexico, by Charles Gibson
12. The Dawn of Conscience in America, by Lewis Hanke

Section IV Population Statistics and Social History

A. Estimates of Indian Population in 1492
1. The Early Spanish Accounts Were Inflated, by Bailey W. Diffe
2. Sixteenth Century Statements on the Population of Central Mexico Are Substantiated by Modern Calculations, by Woodrow Borah & S.F. Cook
B. Early Spanish Emigration
3. Regional Origins of the Earliest Colonists, by Peter Boyd-Bowman
C. The Colonial Population
4. New Spain’s Century of Depression, by Woodrow Borah
5. The Geographical Distribution of the Negro, by Wilbur Zelinsky
6. The Population of Brazil, by Dauril Alden

Section V Vieira and the Crises of Seventeenth Century Brazil

1. A Great Luso-Brazilian Figure, by C.R. Boxer
2. The Indian Policy of Portugal in America, by Mathias C. Kiemen
3. Sermon Condemning Indian Slavery, 1653, by Antonio Vieira
4. Report on the Conversion of the Nheengaibas, Letter to Alfonso VI, November 28, 1659, by Antonio Vieira

Section VI Urban Life

A. Patterns of Settlement
1. Spanish Royal Ordinances for the Laying Out of New Towns, 1573
2. Colonial Towns of Spanish and Portuguese America, by Robert C. Smith
B. The Texture of Urban Life: Spanish America
3. An Academic Dialogue in Sixteenth Century Mexico City, by Francisco Cervantes de Salazar
4. Burial of an Archbishop Viceroy in Mexico City, 1612, by Hubert Howe Bancroft
5. Riots in Seventeenth Century Mexico City, by Chester Lyle Guthrie
6. The Imperial City of Potosi, Boom Town Supreme, by Lewis Hanke
7. St. Augustine, Outpost of Empire, by John T. TePaske
C. The Texture of Urban Life: Brazil
8. The Cities of Colonial Brazil, by Jose Arthur Rios
9. The Bay of All Saints, by C.R. Boxer

Section VII The Inquisition

A. The Inquisitors and the Indians
1. Jurisdictional Confusion, by Richard E. Greenleaf
2. Fray Diego de Landa and the Problem of Idolatry in Yucatan, by France V. Scholes & Ralph L. Roys
B. An Englishman and the Inquisition
3. Robert Tomson in Mexico, 1555
C. Brazil
4. The Holy Office Visits Brazil, 1591 – 1595, by Arnold Wiznitzer
D. The Inquisition in Seventeenth Century Peru
5. The Portuguese Judaizers in Peru, by Henry Charles Lea
E. The Inquisition in Eighteenth Century Mexico
6. The Mexican Inquisition and the Enlightenment, by Richard E. Greenleaf

Section VIII Science and Medicine

A. Scientific Investigation of the New World in the Sixteenth Century
1. Francisco Hernandez in New Spain, by German Somolinos D’Ardois
2. The Scientific Ideas of Jose de Acosta, by Theodore Hornberger
B. A Seventeenth Century Scholar
3. A Great Savant of Colonial Peru: Don Pedro de Peralta, by Irving A. Leonard
C. Brazil
4. An Overview of Science in Colonial Brazil, by Fernando de Azevedo
D. Late Colonial Developments
5. Flowers for the King, by Arthur Robert Steele
6. Balmis and the Introduction of Vaccination to Spanish America, by Sherburne F. Cook

Section IX Climax and Crisis in the Eighteenth Century

A. New Spain
1. The Reorganization of the Army, by Lyle N. McAlister
2. Problems and Progress in New Spain, by Alexander von Humboldt
B. Peru
3. The Great Revolt of Tupac Amaru, by George Kubler
4. The Failure at the Huancavelica Mercury Mine, by Arthur P. Whitaker
C. A Modern Interpretation
5. The Fall of the Spanish American Empire, by R.A. Humphreys

Section X Historians and Historical Controversies
A. Ideas and Methods
1. How the History of Brazil Should be Written, by Karl F.P. von Martius
2. The Historical Methods of William H. Prescott
3. The Historical Methods of Hubert Howe Bancroft
B. Sources
4. The Other Treasure from the Indies, by Lewis Hanke
C. Interpretations
5. William Robertson and His History of America, by R.A. Humphreys
6. Francisco Encina Interprets Colonial Chile, by Charles C. Griffin
D. Controversy
7. Chickens in America Befiore Columbus?, by Carl O. Sauer

Journals and Other Documents on the Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus


Morison, Samuel Eliot, Journals and Other Documents on the Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus, New York: The Heritage Press, 1963.

Samuel Eliot Morison: Hisotriam Journal of American Studies © 1977.

The In 1940, Morison published Portuguese Voyages to America in the Fifteenth Century, a book that presaged his succeeding publications on the explorer, Christopher Columbus. In 1941, Morison was named Jonathan Trumbull Professor of American History at Harvard. For Admiral of the Ocean Sea (1942), Morison combined his personal interest in sailing with his scholarship by actually sailing to the various places that Christopher Columbus explored. The Harvard Columbus Expedition, led by Morison and including his wife and Captain John W. McElroy, Herbert F. Hossmer, Jr., Richard S. Colley, Dr. Clifton W. Anderson, Kenneth R. Spear and Richard Spear, left on 28 August 1939 aboard the 147 foot ketch Capitana for the Azores and Lisbon, Portugal from which they sailed on the 45 foot ketch Mary Otis to retrace Columbus' route using manuscripts and records of his voyages reaching Trinidad by way of Cadiz, Madeira, and the Canary Islands.[8] After following the coast of South and Central America the expedition returned to Trinidad on 15 December 1939.[8] The expedition returned to New York on 2 February 1940 aboard the United Fruit liner Veragua.[8] The book was awarded the Pulitzer Prize in 1943.

Sunday, August 5, 2018

Royal Commentaries of the Incas and General History of Peru, Parts I & II (two books)


Vega, Garcilaso de la, translated with an introduction by Harold V. Livermore; foreword by Arnold J. Toynbee, Royal Commentaries of the Incas and General History of Peru, Parts I & II, Austin: University of Texas Press, 1966.

Article by D. A. Brading in the Journal of Latin American Studies © 1986: The Incas and the Renaissance: The Royal Commentaries of Inca Garcilaso de la Vega.

The Comentarios Reales de los Incas is a book written by Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, the first published mestizo writer of colonial Andean South America. The Comentarios Reales de los Incas [1] is considered by most to be the unquestioned masterpiece of Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, born of the first generation after the Spanish conquest. He wrote what is arguably the best prose of the colonial period in Peru.


Garcilaso de la Vega (12 April 1539 – 23 April 1616), born Gómez Suárez de Figueroa and known as El Inca or Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, was a chronicler and writer born in the Spanish Empire's Viceroyalty of Peru.[1] Sailing to Spain at 21, he was educated informally there, where he lived and worked the rest of his life. The natural son of a Spanish conqueror and an Inca noblewoman born in the early years of the conquest, he is recognized primarily for his chronicles of Inca history, culture, and society. His work was widely read in Europe, influential and well received. It was the first literature by an author born in the Americas to enter the western canon.[2] After his father's death in 1559, Vega moved to Spain in 1561, seeking official acknowledgement as his father's son. His paternal uncle became a protector, and he lived in Spain for the rest of his life, where he wrote his histories of the Inca culture and Spanish conquest, as well as an account of de Soto's expedition in Florida.

Tuesday, July 31, 2018

Historia Natural y Moral de las Indias


de Acosta, Joseph, Historia Natural y Moral de las Indias. En que se tratan las Cosas notables del Cielo y elementos, metales, plantas y animales de ellas y los ritos, ceremonias, leyes y gobierno y guerras de los indios, México: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 1940.

Esta edición mexicana, preparada por Edmundo O’Gorman, se publica en 1940.


Hay varias versiones disponibles en línea.

José de Acosta, S.J. (Medina del Campo, a comienzos de octubre de 1540 - Salamanca, 15 de febrero de 1600) fue un jesuita, antropólogo y naturalista español que desempeñó importantes misiones en América a partir de 1571, año en que emprendió su viaje al Perú sosteniendo que los indígenas americanos habrían llegado a dicho continente a través de Siberia. Además de la narración de las aventuras de un lego en tierras americanas, conocidas por los europeos como "Indias" (Peregrinación de Bartolomé Lorenzo), debe su fama de observador sagaz y lúcido expositor a Historia natural y moral de las Indias, obra publicada en Sevilla en 1590 y pronto traducida al inglés en 1604. En dicho libro observó las costumbres, ritos y creencias de los indígenas de México y Perú.


José de Acosta (1539 or 1540[1] in Medina del Campo, Spain – February 15, 1600 in Salamanca, Spain) was a sixteenth-century Spanish Jesuit missionary and naturalist in Latin America. (…) Aside from his publication of the proceedings of the provincial councils of 1567 and 1583, and several works of exclusively theological import, Acosta is best known as the writer of De Natura Novi Orbis, De promulgatione Evangelii apud Barbaros, sive De Procuranda Indorum salute and above all, the Historia natural y moral de las Indias. The first two appeared at Salamanca in 1588, the last at Seville in 1590, and was soon after its publication translated into various languages. It is chiefly the Historia natural y moral that has established the reputation of Acosta, as this was one of the very first detailed and realistic descriptions of the New World. In a form more concise than that employed by his predecessors, Francisco Lopez de Gómara and Oviedo, he treated the natural and philosophic history of the New World from a broader point of view. In it, more than a century before other Europeans learned of the Bering Strait, Acosta hypothesized that Latin America's indigenous peoples had migrated from Asia.[13]

Colección de Documentos para la Historia de la Formación Social de Hispanoamérica, 1493-1810, Volúmenes 1 & 2


Konetzke, Richard, Colección de documentos para la historia de la formación social de Hispanoamérica, 1493-1810, Primer & Segundo Tomo, Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 1958.

Volume 1 reviewed in The Americas © 1955.

Reviewed in the Bulletin hispanique Année 1959.

Reviewed in the Bulletin of Hispanic Studies, 37(3).

Richard Konetzke (Google translation):
Richard Konetzke studied history, German and philology in Marburg and Berlin. He received his scientific education especially from Otto Hintze and Friedrich Meinecke. In 1921 he received his doctorate with Meinecke and Ernst Troeltsch with the work Isaac Iselin and the state idea of the Enlightenment. After the graduation he entered the higher school service. 1925 followed studies in Spanish archives on the history of enlightened absolutism in Spain. The research culminated in 1929 published work on the policy of Count Aranda, in which he acknowledged the work of the Spanish statesman Pedro Abarca. Since 1930 he was a teacher. Konetzke's 1939 appearance History of the Spanish and Portuguese people became the standard work for Iberian history from the German point of view. In 1941 he was commissioned by the Friedrich Wilhelms University Berlin with research on the history of Spanish colonization in America. He was largely released from his obligations in the teaching profession. In 1943 his basic work The Spanish Empire was published. In 1944 he went to Spain for archive research. He paid particular attention to the social history of colonial Hispanic America. He continued his research on Latin American history from 1952 to 1954 as a Research Associate at Duke University in Durham. In 1954 he received a teaching assignment in Cologne. 1955 there was his habilitation. In the same year he became Scientific Council and in 1956 unscheduled professor. Konetzke has taught since 1961 as associate professor of Iberian and Latin American history of the University of Cologne and was also director of the Iberian Latin American Department of the Historical Seminary. Since 1964 he was Honorary Professor at the University of Córdoba. In 1964, together with Hermann Kellenbenz, he founded the Yearbook for the History of the State, Economy and Society of Latin America. In 1965 he became emeritus. His successor in 1967 was his pupil Günter Kahle. 1973 Konetzke was awarded the Cross of Merit 1st Class of the Federal Republic of Germany. Konetzke is considered one of the founders of Latin American history..

Friday, July 27, 2018

Some Papers on Social, Political and Economic Adjustments to the Ending of Slavery in the Caribbean


Association of Caribbean Historians, Some papers on social, political and economic adjustments to the ending of slavery in the Caribbean, Mona, Jamaica: Papers presented at the Seventh Conference of Caribbean Historians, April 9 – 8, 1975.

Contents:
Foreword.

Changing Racial Attitudes in Trinidad: Slavery and After, by Bridget Brereton.

The Transition from Spanish Law to English Law in Trinidad Before and After Emancipation, by Carl Campbell.

La transición legal de la esclavitud a la libertad en Puerto Rico y Cuba: Una perspectiva comparada en historia del derecho, por Alberto García Menéndez.

Colonial Politics and the Preservation of Planter Hegemony in British Guiana after Emancipation, by Brian Moore.

The Transition from Slavery to Free Wage Labor; the Example of Worthy Park, Jamaica 1834 – 1846, by Michael Craton.

Footnotes.

Sunday, July 22, 2018

Political Protest and Political Organisation in the Caribbean from the late Nineteenth Century, Vol. II


Association of Caribbean Historians, Political Protest and Political Organisation in the Caribbean from the late Nineteenth Century, Vol. II, St. Augustine, Trinidad & Tobago: Papers presented at the Fifth Conference of Caribbean Historians, April 9 – 13, 1973.

Contents:
Foreword.

The Politics of Protest in Trinidad – The Strikes and Disturbances of 1937, by W. R. Jacobs.

Political Protest and Organization in later 19th Century Cuba, by Franklin Knight.

The Nationalist Party in Puerto Rico, by Thomas Mathews.

Changing Patterns of local reaction to the United States acquisition of the Virgin Islands, by Isaac Dookan.

The Guzman Blanco dictatorship in Venezuela and reactions to it in the Netherlands Antilles, by Cornelius Goslinga.

Race and Class Factors in the History of Caribbean Protest Movements in the West Indies since 1789, by James Millette.


Association of Caribbean Historians.

Materiales para el Estudio de la Cuestión Agraria en Venezuela (1810-1865): Mano de Obra, Legislación y Administración


Camacho, Antonieta, (Est. Prelim.), Materiales para el estudio de la cuestión agraria en Venezuela (1810-1865): mano de obra, legislación y administración, Volumen 1; Caracas: Ediciones de la Facultad de Humanidades y Educación de la Universidad Central de Venezuela, 1979.

De la Advertencia Editorial:
El presente volumen de la serie Materiales para el estudio de la cuestión agraria en Venezuela, dedicado a la mano de obra libre y esclava, lo integran un total de 361 documentos de naturaleza legislativa y administrativa: actas, resoluciones, proclamas, acuerdos, decretos, circulares, etc. La selección y transcripción de estos textos se llevó a cabo en las Hemerotecas de la Biblioteca Nacional y de la Academia Nacional de la Historia y en los siguientes Archivos: General de la Nación, del Congreso Nacional, de la Academia Nacional de la Historia y de la Fundación John Boulton. También contamos con el material microfilmado por el doctor John Lombardi, profesor de la Universidad de Indiana (Estados Unidos), para la ubicación de folletos y hojas sueltas.


Translation:
The present volume of the (historical) series Materials for the study of the agrarian question in Venezuela, dedicated to free and slave labor, is made up of a total of 361 documents of a legislative and administrative nature: minutes, resolutions, proclamations, agreements, decrees, circulars, etc. The selection and transcription of these texts was carried out in … the National Library and the National Academy of History and in the following Archives: General of the Nation, of the National Congress, of the National Academy of History and at The John Boulton Foundation. We also have included the material microfilmed by Dr. John Lombardi, professor at the University of Indiana (United States), for the location of brochures and loose sheets.

Sunday, July 8, 2018

Historia General de los Hechos de los Castellanos en las Islas, y Tierra-Firme de el Mar Occeano, Tomo V


De Herrera, Antonio, Historia general de los hechos de los castellanos en las islas, y tierra-firme de el mar occeano, Prólogo de J. Natalicio González; Tomo V, Asunción del Paraguay: Editorial Guarania, 1945.



La numeración marginal indica la paginación de la edición de 1726 – 1730, de la que esta es reproducción fiel e integral. Las cifras que van entre paréntesis marcan el texto que en la edición aludida va en la primera o segunda columna de cada pagina.

Historia General de los Hechos de los Castellanos en las Islas, y Tierra-Firme de el Mar Occeano, Tomo IV


De Herrera, Antonio, Historia general de los hechos de los castellanos en las islas, y tierra-firme de el mar occeano, Prólogo de J. Natalicio González; Tomo IV, Asunción del Paraguay: Editorial Guarania, 1945.



La numeración marginal indica la paginación de la edición de 1726 – 1730, de la que esta es reproducción fiel e integral. Las cifras que van entre paréntesis marcan el texto que en la edición aludida va en la primera o segunda columna de cada pagina.

Historia General de los Hechos de los Castellanos en las Islas, y Tierra-Firme de el Mar Occeano, Tomo III


De Herrera, Antonio, Historia general de los hechos de los castellanos en las islas, y tierra-firme de el mar occeano, Prólogo de J. Natalicio González; Tomo III, Asunción del Paraguay: Editorial Guarania, 1945.



La numeración marginal indica la paginación de la edición de 1726 – 1730, de la que esta es reproducción fiel e integral. Las cifras que van entre paréntesis marcan el texto que en la edición aludida va en la primera o segunda columna de cada pagina.

Historia General de los Hechos de los Castellanos en las Islas, y Tierra-Firme de el Mar Occeano, Tomo II


De Herrera, Antonio, Historia general de los hechos de los castellanos en las islas, y tierra-firme de el mar occeano, Prólogo de J. Natalicio González; Tomo II, Asunción del Paraguay: Editorial Guarania, 1945.



La numeración marginal indica la paginación de la edición de 1726 – 1730, de la que esta es reproducción fiel e integral. Las cifras que van entre paréntesis marcan el texto que en la edición aludida va en la primera o segunda columna de cada pagina.


Antonio de Herrera y Tordesillas (Cuéllar, 1549 - Madrid, 28 de marzo de 1626), cronista, historiador y escritor del Siglo de Oro español, autor de la Historia general de los hechos de los castellanos en las Islas y Tierra Firme del mar Océano que llaman Indias Occidentales, conocida como Décadas y considerada una de las mejores obras escritas sobre la conquista de América. Fue Cronista Mayor de Castilla durante los reinados de Felipe II y Felipe III, y también de Indias. Cristóbal Pérez Pastor le atribuyó el sobrenombre de “Príncipe de los historiadores de Indias”.1​ Está considerado el historiador más dilatado de su época, y su obra está compuesta también por una Historia General del Mundo, una de Portugal y una Descripción de Indias. También destaca en su obra la traducción de diferentes obras del italiano o el latín al castellano, e incluso se atrevió a traducir su obra "Descripción de las Indias Occidentales" al holandés.

Historia General de los Hechos de los Castellanos en las Islas, y Tierra-Firme de el Mar Occeano, Tomo I


De Herrera, Antonio, Historia general de los hechos de los castellanos en las islas, y tierra-firme de el mar occeano, Prólogo de J. Natalicio González; Tomo I, Asunción del Paraguay: Editorial Guarania, 1945.

La numeración marginal indica la paginación de la edición de 1726 – 1730, de la que esta es reproducción fiel e integral. Las cifras que van entre paréntesis marcan el texto que en la edición aludida va en la primera o segunda columna de cada pagina.


Una edición.

Antonio de Herrera y Tordesillas (1549 – 28 March 1626[1] or 27 March 1625[2]) was a chronicler, historian, and writer of the Spanish Golden Age, author of Historia general de los hechos de los castellanos en las Islas y Tierra Firme del mar Océano que llaman Indias Occidentales ("General History of the Deeds of the Castilians on the Islands and Mainland of the Ocean Sea Known As the West Indies"), better known in Spanish as Décadas and considered one of the best works written on the conquest of the Americas. He was Chief Chronicler of Castile and the Americas during the reigns of Philip II and Philip III. Cristóbal Pérez Pastor called him the "prince of the historians of the Americas".[3] He is considered the most prolific historian of his era, and his works also include a general history of the world, a history of Portugal, and a description of the Americas. His output also features translations of works from Italian and Latin into Spanish, and a translation of his own Descripción de las Indias Occidentales ("Description of the West Indies") into Dutch. Herrera is not given much value by modern historians. A standard Spanish reference work describes him as "an official historian, who was not impartial....[He was] an opportunist, a schemer, and greedy.... He plagiarized entire works which were unpublished at the time.... He had no interest in Native American civilization and therefore never dealt with it."

Saturday, June 30, 2018

The Barbados Garrison and Its Buildings


Alleyne, Warren & Jill Sheppard, The Barbados Garrison and Its Buildings, London: Macmillan Caribbean, 1990.

Available for download.

From The Barbados Garrison:
The Barbados Garrison, largest in the British Colonies during the 18th and 19th centuries, is of great historic interest and offers many features, other than military, for those so inclined. It was established in 1780 as the military headquarters for the Imperial Forces stationed here until 1905/6. However, it began with St. Ann’s Fort, on its present site, in 1705.

Máximas, Principios y Pensamientos de Simón Bolívar


Colegio de Estudios Superiores de Administración, Máximas, Principios y Pensamientos de Simón Bolívar, Bogotá: Colegio de Estudios Superiores de Administración, s.f..

De los editores:
El Colegio de Estudios Superiores de Administración, CESA, quiere presentar a sus alumnos y amigos, esta recopilación de algunas de las máximas del Libertador Simón Bolívar, ese gran genio que fue el corazón de la Independencia de una tiranía de cinco naciones. Aquí se refleja el hombre, con sus sentimientos, su religión, sus principios, los cuales merecen ser recordados.

Saturday, May 26, 2018

La Consecución del Gobierno Propio en Puerto Rico


Wells, Henry, La consecución del gobierno propio en Puerto Rico, San Juan: Editorial del Departamento de Instrucción Pública del Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico, 1955.

Del Prefacio:
La consecución del gobierno propio en Puerto Rico es el título de tres ensayos que presente en la Haya Holanda, en el año de 1954, en un foro que tenía por objeto discutir diversos artículos sobre el tema: La Evolución hacia el Gobierno Propio en los Territorios bajo la Comisión del Caribe. Participé en dicho foro a invitación de sus mantenedores La Fundacion de las Universidades de los Países Bajos para la Cooperación Internacional, y, además, como representante de la Universidad de Puerto Rico.

Henry Wells (December 15, 1914 - October 1, 2007) was an American author, professor and leading expert on Latin America politics. Wells helped to draft the Constitution of Puerto Rico and advised the Dominican Republic on proper election procedures for the Organization of American States. Additionally, Wells worked as international election observer in Honduras, Costa Rica, Bolivia and Nicaragua.

Etnografía y Fuentes Históricas


Lemmo, Angelina, Etnografía y fuentes históricas, Caracas: Universidad Central de Venezuela, Escuela de Historia, 1970.

De la introducción:
Lo que pretendemos explorar en este corto y tentativo trabajo es cómo funciona el principio de que bien interrogada y analizada una fuente histórica, podemos obtener precisos datos etnográficos de ella. Para tal fin hemos escogido cuatro fuentes de carácter general y una carta y una relación consideradas como los primeros documentos de contenido etnográfico. Las obras son las de Colón, Vespucio, Mártir, y Don Hernando; y los documentos reproducidos en el Apéndice, la Relación de Fr. Ramón Pane sobre los indios de La Española, y la Carta del doctor Diego Álvarez Chanca sobre el segundo viaje de Colon. Al interrogar las mencionadas fuentes, nos circunscribiremos al estudio de una cuestión fundamental: La fuente como testimonio y sus problemas, es decir, los relativos a la crítica externa y la crítica interna. Trataremos de señalar los problemas principales en base a seis criterios:
1. Ámbito o momento histórico.
2. Participación.
3. Contemporaneidad.
4. Sistematización.
5. Finalidad.
6. Cotejo y actualización.

Principios y pensamientos de Luis Carlos Galán Sarmiento


Galán Sarmiento, Luis Carlos, Principios y pensamientos de Luis Carlos Galán Sarmiento, Colombia: Incolda, 19??.

Luis Carlos Galán Sarmiento (29 September 1943 – 18 August 1989) was a Colombian liberal politician and journalist who ran for the Presidency of Colombia on two occasions, the first time for the political movement New Liberalism that he founded in 1979. The movement was an offspring of the mainstream Colombian Liberal Party, and with mediation of former Liberal president Julio Cesar Turbay Ayala, Galan returned to the Liberal party in 1989 and sought the nomination for the 1990 presidential election. (… )After receiving several death threats, on August 18, 1989, Galán was shot to death by hitmen hired by the drug cartels during a campaign rally in the town of Soacha, Cundinamarca. At the time, Galan was comfortably leading the polls with 60 per cent favourable ratings for the forthcoming 1990 presidential election. The investigation into his assassination remains unsolved.

Friday, May 18, 2018

Curva Matemático-Histórica y Tendencias Matemático-Históricas-Electorales de Venezuela


Fernández Bolívar, Víctor José, Curva matemático-histórica y tendencias matemático-históricas-electorales de Venezuela, Caracas: Escuela Técnica Popular “Don Bosco”, Marzo 1976.

De su libro Los Principios Matemático-Históricos y la Evolución de la Libertad:
Esta primera parte del análisis estratégico de la matemática de la historia del Dr. Alejandro Deulofeu, constituyó mi tesis cuando fui alumno de la Escuela Superior de Guerra de París, siendo para mí un honor haber tenido como condiscípulos 106 Oficiales franceses y un Oficial por cada uno de los países siguientes: Estados Unidos, Alemania, Gran Bretaña, Italia, España, Bélgica, Suiza, Grecia, Israel, Turquía, Irán, Tailandia, Camboya, Sudáfrica, Perú, Brasil y Argentina.


Alexandre Deulofeu Torres (La Armentera, Gerona, 1903 - Figueras, 1978) fue un político y filósofo de la Historia español que escribió sobre lo que él llamó "Matemática de la historia", una teoría cíclica sobre la evolución de las civilizaciones.
(…)
Afirmó que las civilizaciones y los imperios pasan por unos ciclos equivalentes a los ciclos naturales de los seres vivos. Cada civilización puede llegar a cumplir, como mínimo, tres ciclos de 1700 años cada uno. Comprendidos dentro de las civilizaciones, los imperios tienen una duración promedio de 550 años. Afirmó que mediante el conocimiento de la naturaleza de los ciclos se pueden evitar las guerras, consideradas innecesarias, haciendo que los procesos sean pacíficos en vez de violentos. También afirmó que la humanidad podrá ser capaz, de conocerlos, de alterar los propios ciclos, y que ésta ha de tender a organizarse bajo la forma de una Confederación Universal de pueblos libres.

Thursday, May 17, 2018

Informe de la Comisión para el Estudio del Propósito de Puerto Rico


Viscasillas, Felipe, Informe de la Comisión para el estudio del propósito de Puerto Rico, (en cumplimiento del mandato expresado en la Resolución Concurrente del Senado numero 11), San Juan: Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico, 24 de Mayo de 1968.

Índice:
I. Introducción

II. Programas para el Logro de los Objetivos del Propósito de Puerto Rico
A. Observaciones Generales
B. Resumen de los Programas
1. Educación
2. Salud
3. Vivienda
4. Balance entre lo Rural y Urbano
5. Balance Empresarial
6. Eliminación de la Pobreza Extrema

III. La Viabilidad Económica del Propósito de Puerto Rico

IV. Conclusiones y Recomendaciones.


De la Introducción:
En este informe se habla del Propósito de Puerto Rico en forma de datos y proyecciones, con recomendaciones a la Asamblea Legislativa que sirvan de base para la legislación encaminada a la realización de tan alto fin. Por eso las consideraciones y recomendaciones que contiene el informe son de carácter económico, financiero, fiscal, social. Sin aproximarse a las metas que se especifican, u otras de similar dimensión, no puede haber una civilización de excelencia.

Sunday, May 6, 2018

Labour in the West Indies – The Birth of a Workers’ Movement


Lewis, Arthur, Labour in the West Indies – The Birth of a Workers’ Movement, London: New Beacon Books, 1977.

Reviewed by the GEORGE PADMORE INSTITUTE.

Wikipedia:
Sir William Arthur Lewis (23 January 1915 – 15 June 1991) was a Saint Lucian economist well known for his contributions in the field of economic development. In 1979 he won the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences.

Salmerón Acosta, Itinerario de un Poeta


Larrazábal Henríquez, Osvaldo, Salmerón Acosta, itinerario de un poeta, Cumaná: Ediciones de la Universidad de Oriente, 1980.

El poeta Cruz María Salmerón Acosta, nació en las áridas y salinas costas cumanesas del oriente venezolano, el 3 de enero de 1892, en Guarataro, Estado Sucre, Venezuela. En una ensenada donde estaba la hacienda de su padre, a pocos pasos del mar y a unos centenares de metros de Manicuare, prolongación de Araya, a orillas del Golfo de Cariaco, desde donde se divisa Cumaná, la capital. Un pueblo muy pobre, colmado de soledad, pescado y sal, donde las piedras son de ceniza y cal, la mayoría de las aves silenciosas y grisáceas y la vegetación escasa y espinosa; en una época de guerras internas y de autoritarismo institucionalizado, durante el Gobierno de Juan Vicente Gómez.


De la “explicación”:
En toda la producción poética salmeroniana ahora conocida se conservan las características que ya habíamos anotado en el anterior estudio. Poesía del ciclo “vital”, poesía del ciclo “amoroso” y poesía de tipo circunstancial. Pero la idea que nos hemos propuesto es otra y es la que constituye la razón de ser de este nuevo libro. Seguir el itinerario poético de alguien que expreso su vida en poesía. Utilizar cada uno de sus poemas para reconstruir la parte de su vida más afectada por la enfermedad que lo inutilizo: explicarnos el desarrollo de sus ideas en la llamada poesía del ciclo “vital”, y conocer los sucesos y las circunstancias de sus amores con la novia eterna, en la poesía del ciclo “amoroso”.

Saturday, May 5, 2018

The Netherlands Antilles and Aruba: A Research Guide


Koulen, Ingrid & Gert Oostindie, The Netherlands Antilles and Aruba: a research guide, Dordrecht, Holland; Providence, U.S.A.: Foris Publications, 1987.

From the cover:
This book, large parts of which were published in Dutch in 1984 by a joint Antillean-Dutch group of scholars, aims to survey and stimulate relevant social science research on the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba. It consists of four chapters. The first two provide an introduction to the islands and to the actual state of research and research centres. The heart of the book is the third chapter, an extensive bibliographical essay. In the last chapter, some recommendations for future research are formulated. An extensive bibliography of some 550 entries and a list of relevant research centres complete the book.

Latin American Studies in Europe


Mesa-Lago, Carmelo, Latin American studies in Europe, Pittsburgh: Center for Latin American Studies, 1980.

Reviewed in the Revista de Historia de América © 1982.

From the introduction:
The first part of the report provides a guide to, or country reports on, close to 100 Latin American studies programs in Europe. About half of these are major programs and are fully described in the main body of each country report, while the other half are considered minor programs for which only brief information is provided in the report under “others”.
(…)
In the second part of this report the major Latin American studies programs in Europe described herein are contrasted and analyzed in various aspects: the timing of their inception; the motivations (political, economical, cultural) for their creation; and the principal initiator of such programs (the government, business corporations, universities, foundations). This is followed by an evaluation and ranking of the programs and countries based on six criteria extracted from the information provided in the ten standardized items supplied in the country reports. The second part of the report ends with a discussion of what we can learn from the European experience.

The Politics of Constitutional Decolonization: Jamaica, 1944-62


Munroe, Trevor, The Politics of Constitutional Decolonization: Jamaica, 1944-62, Jamaica: Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of the West Indies, 1972.

Reviewed in Caribbean Studies © 1973.

Wikipedia:
Born in Kingston, Jamaica, Munroe attended high school at St. George's College (Class of 1959) and later studied political science at the University of the West Indies, Mona. He won a Rhodes Scholarship to Oxford University, where he obtained the D.Phil in political science for a landmark study of the process of decolonization in Jamaica between the 1930s and 1960s, published as The Politics of Constitutional Decolonization in 1972. In his return to Jamaica in the late 1960s, he became involved in the political ferment that followed the Rodney Riots of 1968. Munroe founded a trade union, the University and Allied Workers' Union, initially to represent janitorial and service staff at the UWI. In 1974 he founded the Workers' Liberation League (WLL), an explicitly pro-Soviet Marxist-Leninist organization. In 1978, working with Elean Thomas and others,[2] He transformed the WLL into the Workers Party of Jamaica (WPJ), and served as its general secretary.[3]

Monday, April 30, 2018

Mexikanische Kostbarkeiten aus Kunstkammern der Renaissance


Nowotny, Karl A., Mexikanische Kostbarkeiten aus Kunstkammern der Renaissance, Vienna, 1960. (Mexican treasures from art galleries of the Renaissance in the Museum of Ethnology Vienna and in the National Library Vienna)

Geschichtliches Sendungen aus Mexiko:
Auf die bekannten Geschehnisse der Entdeckung und Eroberung Mexikos durch die Spanier bezieht sich eine Reihe sehr eigenartiger Dokumente. In verschiedenen Städten Europas bewahrt man noch Gegenstände des vorspanischen Kunstgewerbes, die damals nach Europa kamen. Erstmalig wurden im Jahr 1519 derartige Dinge nach Europa gebracht. Auch in den folgenden Jahren wurden größere Mengen von Gold- und Silbergegenständen nach Europa versendet; meist schmolz man aber die Edelmetalle gleich in Mexiko ein. Außerdem kamen Bilderhandschriften, Federarbeiten, Mosaiken, Holzschnitzereien mit Einlagen sowie Baumwollstoffe herüber. Nach wenigen Jahrzehnten waren in Mexiko kaum mehr vorspanische Gegenstände vorhanden.


Historical shipments from Mexico:
A series of very peculiar documents refers to the well-known events of the discovery and conquest of Mexico by the Spaniards. In various European cities you can still find objects from the pre-Hispanic art industry that came to Europe at the time. For the first time in 1519 such things were brought to Europe. Also in the following years, larger quantities of gold and silver items were shipped to Europe; but mostly the precious metals melted in Mexico. In addition, photo manuscripts, feather work, mosaics, wood carvings with deposits and cotton fabrics came over. After a few decades, there were hardly any pre-Hispanic objects left in Mexico.

Influencia de Algunas Capitulaciones en la Geografía de Venezuela


De Armas Chitty, J.A., Influencia de algunas capitulaciones en la geografía de Venezuela, Caracas: Universidad Central de Venezuela, 1967.

Las Capitulaciones: Fueron documentos firmados entre los Reyes de España y los jefes de las expediciones que venían al nuevo continente. La primera capitulación fue firmada el 17 de Abril de 1492 entre Cristóbal Colón y los reyes católicos. (…) Otra capitulación muy importante fue la que firmó en 1528 el emperador Carlos V con los Welser, unos ricos banqueros alemanes que le habían prestado una gran cantidad de dinero. En esa capitulación se les concedía un territorio comprendido entre el cabo de la Vela (Cerca de Coro) y Maracapana (en las cercanías de Unare Anzoategui).


Del Prólogo:
El libro de Armas Chitty se ha concluido justamente cuando se realizaban intensas discusiones acerca de los derechos de Venezuela sobre la Guayana Esequiba y así adquiere, no solo la importancia que toda compilación documental posee, sino la viva actualidad de contener testimonios decisivos para comprender el litigio de Venezuela con la Gran Bretaña. Clarísimas fronteras surgen en estas capitulaciones. Si algunas pueden haber sido modificadas por tratados posteriores al siglo XVI, otras en realidad nunca fueron sometidas a controversias hasta cuando, en el siglo pasado, surgieron las pretensiones sobre el Esequibo. Conviene juntar en líneas de prólogo, para darles cabal sentido nacionalista que adquieren, algunas de las disposiciones que los lectores encontraran en este volumen. Podríamos añadir, antes de transcribirlas, que la obra viene a ser parte de las respuestas capaces de responder a una pregunta sugerida por el conflicto sobre Guayana Esequiba: ¿Cuáles son los límites históricos de Venezuela? ¿Hasta dónde, de acuerdo con el principio establecido en 1811, alcanzan los derechos de nuestro país, en vista de las antiguas delimitaciones de la Gobernación de Venezuela y de distintas provincias que fueron integradas en 1777? ¿Cuáles fueron los límites que hacia el Sur dejó trazado el proceso histórico, fijados en innumerables documentos entre los cuales se cuentan estas capitulaciones?

Latin American Radicalism: A Documentary Report on Left and Nationalist Movements


Horowitz, Irving Louis, Josué de Castro & John Gerassi, Latin American Radicalism: A Documentary Report on Left and Nationalist Movements, New York: Random House, 1969.

Reviewed in Desarrollo Económico.

Reviewed in International Affairs (Royal Institute of International Affairs 1944-).

Irving Louis Horowitz (September 25, 1929 – March 21, 2012) was an American sociologist, author and college professor who wrote and lectured extensively in his field. (…) Throughout his academic career, Horowitz received many awards, including a special citation from the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace for his 1957 book, The Idea of War and Peace in Contemporary Philosophy; recognition by Time magazine as a leader of a new breed of radical sociologist;[3] the Centennial Medallion from St. Peter's College, Jersey City, New Jersey, 1971, for outstanding contribution to a humanistic social science; and a Presidential Outstanding Achievement Award, 1985, from Rutgers University. He was a member of the Carnegie Council, American Association of Publishers, American Political Science Association, American Association for the Advancement of Science, and past president (1961–1962) of the New York State Sociological Society.

Sunday, April 29, 2018

Mundo Nuevo, Año 1, núm 1 (1978) (Journal)


Mundo Nuevo, Año 1, núm 1, Julio – Septiembre de 1978.

El Instituto de Altos Estudios de América Latina de la Universidad Simón Bolívar realiza actividades de investigación, docencia y extensión referidas a la realidad de América Latina y a la que, fuera del área, afecta a su desenvolvimiento. MUNDO NUEVO, Revista de Estudios Latinoamericanos es una publicación semestral del Instituto y, si bien difunde los resultados de sus propias investigaciones y actividades académicas, acoge con beneplácito los aportes científicos que le sean enviados en forma de artículos o notas. Las opiniones en ellos vertidas no comprometen necesariamente la del Instituto.


Sumario:
Presentación, por Miguel Ángel Burelli Rivas.

El Problema de América, por Ernesto Mayz Vallenilla.

América en Italia; Testimonio del libro Impreso, por German Arciniegas.

El desarrollo de las políticas culturales en América Latina, por Felipe Herrera.

Problemas de método en el estudio de la filosofía latinoamericana, por Francisco Miro Quesada.

Derecho internacional americano, nacionalismo latinoamericano y régimen internacional, por Juan Carlos Puig

Tuesday, April 24, 2018

Operación Puerto Rico sobre Venezuela


Araujo, Orlando, Operación Puerto Rico sobre Venezuela, Caracas: Publicaciones del Comité Político Nacional del Partido Revolucionario de Integración Nacionalista (PRIN), 1967.

El Partido Revolucionario de Integración Nacionalista (PRIN) fue un partido político venezolano de izquierda fundado en 1962 tras una escisión de Acción Democrática (AD) por Raúl Ramos Giménez. El partido desaparece en 1973.


De la conclusión del libro:
Si tenemos en cuenta que el 66% de la inversión petrolera es de los Estados Unidos (el otro 33,5% es de Inglaterra), que el 70% de la inversión extranjera en la industria manufacturera es, también, de Estados Unidos y que las empresas “mixtas” que se han formado y las que se proyectan en petroquímica y en hierro y acero son consorcios norteamericanos, podemos afirmar y denunciar, con angustia y con ira, que se está realizando sin obstáculos ni resistencia, una acelerada operación Puerto Rico sobre Venezuela.
En inglés:
If we take into account that 66% of oil investment is from the United States (the other 33.5% is from England), that 70% of foreign investment in the manufacturing industry is also from the United States and that the "mixed" companies that have been formed and those that are projected in petrochemical and iron and steel are North American consortiums, we can affirm and denounce, with anguish and anger, that what is being carried out without obstacles or resistance, is an accelerated “operation Puerto Rico on Venezuela”.

Political Mobilization of the Venezuelan Peasant


Powell, John Duncan, Political Mobilization of the Venezuelan Peasant, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1971.

Available online, if you log in.

Reviewed in Economic Development and Cultural Change © 1974.

Reviewed in The Journal of Interdisciplinary History © 1972.

Reviewed in the Journal of Latin American Studies © 1973.

From the book cover:
In the first part of this pioneering study, John Duncan Powell traces the formation of a successful alliance between the peasant masses, who sought land reform, and a small urban elite, which desperately needed a political power base. Part II is devoted to an empirical structural-functional analysis of the alliance.