Reviewed in The Hispanic American Historical Review © 1972.
Darcy Ribeiro (Montes Claros, MG, Brazil, October 26, 1922 – Brasília, DF, Brazil, February 17, 1997) was a Brazilian anthropologist, author and politician. Darcy Ribeiro's ideas of Latin American identity have influenced several later scholars of Latin American studies. As Minister of Education of Brazil he carried out profound reforms which led him to be invited to participate in university reforms in Chile, Peru, Venezuela, Mexico and Uruguay after leaving Brazil due to the 1964 coup d'état.
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Darcy Ribeiro's ideas belonged to the evolutionist school of sociology and anthropology. He believed that people went through a "civilizatory process" beginning as hunter-gatherers. This "civilizatory process" was according to him marked by technological revolutions, and among these he stress the eight more important as the following:
the agricultural revolution
the urban revolution
the irrigation revolution
the metallurgic revolution
the livestock revolution
the mercantile revolution
the industrial revolution
the thermonuclear revolution
Ribeiro proposed also a classification scheme for Latin American countries where he identified "New Peoples" (Chile, Colombia, Paraguay, Venezuela etc.), that (e)merged from the mix of several cultures; "Testimony Peoples" (Peru, Mexico, Ecuador, Guatemala and Bolivia), remnants of ancient civilizations; and Argentina and Uruguay, former "New Peoples" that became "Transplanted Peoples", essentially European, after massive immigration.
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